,,The Monroe Doctrine” – 200 Years Later

The central problem addressed in this paper is the economic and infrastructural penetration of non-hemispheric rivals, primarily China, into the geopolitical space of Latin America, which directly threatens the traditional dominance of the United States of America. The subject of the research encompasses the American strategic response through the contemporary reaffirmation of the Monroe Doctrine, formally codified in the National Security Strategy of the 47th President of the United States from 2025. The paper proceeds from the hypothesis that China’s accelerated geoeconomic advance into the American hemisphere directly causes a transition in the American foreign policy paradigm from global liberal internationalism to regional transactional realism. The aim of the research is to explain the new forms of “Neo-Monroeism” and to analyse the key political, legal and economic mechanisms used by Washington to project power within its own neighbourhood. The research applies content analysis of strategic and legal documents, including the 2025 National Security Strategy and the Barr Memorandum, the historical method for tracing the evolution of the doctrine, and comparative analysis of macroeconomic data. The findings demonstrate that the new American strategy rests on three key pillars: the exclusion of strategic rivals from control over vital infrastructure such as the Panama Canal, the militarisation of border security, and the extraterritorial application of law in order to gain control over energy resources. The final conclusion is that the contemporary application of the Monroe Doctrine does not represent a return to isolationism, but rather an aggressive defence of regional hegemony and the construction of “Fortress America” as a necessary geostrategic precondition for the survival of the United States as a superpower in a multipolar world.